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* If You Can’t Get an Organ, an Organoid Might Do

http://gizmodo.com/5851454/if-you-cant-get-an-organ-an-organoid-might-do

Oct 19, 2011

If You Can’t Get an Organ, an Organoid Might Do

The line waiting for organ donors is 112,381 people long and growing, and 18 people daily die waiting. To help patients survive the interim, scientists are working on “organoinds”—mini organs that would temporarily operate outside the body.

Dr. Rober Hariri, a surgeon and CEO of Celgene Cellular Therapeutics, is using stem cells derived from placentas (a refreshingly non-conroversial source of stem cells), to build the temporary organs. He devised a method for implanting the stem cells into a tissue matrix made from cells taken from cadavers. If the matrix is made of, say, kidney cells, the stem cells will take cues from their environment and also transform into kidney cells.

Full size

 
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The drawing depicts stem cells being extracted from a placenta.

The resulting glob is a mini-organ that could temporarily perform the functions of a failing human liver, kidney, heart, and possibly any other human organ. The patients’ blood would be filtered through the organ through tubes.

“This could be the way we build replacement parts,” Hariri said.

You can check out their patent here. Hariri will talk more about his progress with organoids at the Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Society annual meeting in Houston in December.

[Images: Celgene, US Patent 7914779]

Posted on

* 50 Marathons 50 States | 10/14

http://www.ctnow.com/videobeta/01438568-9708-430b-8687-5edea2adf7a2/News/50-Marathons-50-States-10-14

Don Wright, 70, is It is said to practice the medicine twice in a day as it can turn out to be strong, effects seen within 3 cialis order to 6 months. Don’t mix them with alcohol, nicotine, caffeine and other stimulants may be risky. buy generic cialis For example, my former husband finally quit smoking viagra sans prescription canada when his physician gave him this choice. “You quit or you die.” He made the right choice and is enjoying life. ESSENTIAL INFORMATION- Before taking online viagra any specific medicine a person should completely know about its uses. running a marathon in every state to raise money for cancer. Hartford will be his 39th run.

Posted on

* 70-year-old battling cancer completes 56th marathon

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Written by Kristin DiCara


PORTLAND, Maine (NEWS CENTER) — Among the thousands of runners who ran in the Maine Marathon, one 70-year-old runner was running for a cause very close to him.

Don Wright suffers from Myeloma, an incurable form of blood cancer.  When he was diagnosed in 2003, he set out to run a marathon in each of the 50 states.  The Maine Marathon is his 56th marathon in his 38th state. Wright is running for Team Continuum, a non-profit that raises money to help cancer patients and their families pay their bills.  His campain slogan is his goal: to “E-Race Cancer”.

“I like to think sometimes as I’m running along that I’m just sticking it right in the cancer’s eye,” Wright said.

Team continuum has a Facebook page, and for every “like” the page receives, $5 will be donated to the non-profit.

NEWS CENTER

Posted on

* He has every reason to run

September 30

He has every reason to run

By Glenn Jordan gjordan@mainetoday.com
Staff Writer

Don Wright received his cancer diagnosis the same month as his first marathon medal.

click image to enlarge

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Don Wright

At the time, Wright was 62. Patients with myeloma, a blood cancer that affects cells in the bone marrow, could expect an average of another five years of life.

For Wright, that was eight years and 54 more marathons ago.

He plans to go after No. 56 Sunday morning at the Maine Marathon and Half Marathon, which starts and finishes near Back Cove in Portland.

“I’ve been given extra years of life,” Wright said Thursday while on his way east from his home in Minnesota. “I feel like I need to do the best I can with them, to make it an active and enjoyable life.”

Wright, 70, will be one of approximately 3,500 runners heading north on Route 1 Sunday morning in the 20th edition of the event. About 2,300 will turn around on Route 88 in Falmouth and head back to Portland to complete a half marathon. About 1,200 will continue through Cumberland Foreside to Yarmouth before looping back to Back Cove.

The main beneficiary from this year’s event is Camp To Belong Maine, an organization that brings together siblings separated by foster care or other out-of-home care.

A host of other charities use the Maine Marathon to raise money, most notably the Leukemia and Lymphoma Society’s Team in Training Program.

Since 1997, participants in the Maine Marathon, Half Marathon and Relay have raised more than $2.6 million.

Wright is running for Team Continuum, a nonprofit dedicated to helping cancer patients and their families with immediate, vital, nonmedical financial assistance. His campaign is called E-Race Cancer and for every “like” on his campaign’s Facebook page, sponsors will donate $5 to Team Continuum.

A mostly retired computer consultant and lawyer whose treatment consists of a daily pill that doesn’t cure his myeloma but helps keep it in remission, Wright tries to eat only organic food.

His wife Ardis and daughter Sarah will accompany him to Maine. Both plan to run the half marathon.

Wright hadn’t run regularly since high school before taking it up again after turning 60.

“I just wanted to lose weight and be healthy and strong,” he said. “Then when I got into it, I found that I really enjoyed it.”

He built up to marathon distance with the goal of qualifying for Boston. It didn’t happen that first marathon, but he qualified later the same year and ran the 2004 Boston Marathon.

His best time was 3 hours, 36 minutes at the 2006 Twin Cities Marathon when he was 65. As the marathons piled up, he started thinking about joining the 50 states club. That, and a conversation at a hematology conference last winter, led to the fundraising campaign.

Two weeks ago at a marathon in Erie, Pa., Wright checked off his 37th state. Maine will be 38. His upcoming schedule includes Hartford, Conn. (Oct. 15), Washington, D.C. (Oct. 30) and the New York City Marathon (Nov. 6).

“I feel like I’m a very lucky beneficiary of recent research and development in cancer medications,” he said. “We certainly are spending a lot of time enjoying the life that we have. As you can tell, it’s a very active life.

Staff Writer Glenn Jordan can be contacted at 791-6425 or at:

gjordan@pressherald.com

Twitter: GlennJordanPPH

Posted on

Patient, doctors encouraged by ALS trial

By Miriam Falco, CNN

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updated 11:10 AM EST, Wed September 28, 2011

http://www.cnn.com/2011/09/28/health/early-als-trial-results-encouraging/index.html?hpt=he_c2

(CNN) — A little more than two years ago, Ted Harada felt his left leg weakening, and he found himself quickly running out of breath. Doctors first thought he had asthma, but in May 2010 they told him he probably had ALS, or Lou Gehrig’s disease.

In August 2010, doctors confirmed Harada, then 38, had the fatal disease, and he knew it was progressing.

“Every month they [doctors] could see deterioration,” Harada said.

ALS patients lose muscle function in the lungs until they can no longer breathe. Most people with ALS die from respiratory failure within three to five years of first symptoms, according to the National Institute of Health. The disease causes nerves to wither and the lungs to stop working. About 10% of ALS patients live 10 years or longer.

Harada joined a clinical trial at Emory University in Atlanta, where doctors were injecting neural stem cells — the precursors to nerve cells — into the lower spinal cord of ALS patients.

Before the procedure, Harada walked with a cane and would get winded just by walking to the mailbox. He had to quit his job as a manager for a shredding company. He was so tired he couldn’t play with his three children. He was too weak to pick up his youngest child. He couldn’t even open a Ziploc bag.

Harada hoped the treatment would help, but he didn’t expect it to. However, two weeks after getting the stem cell injections in March, he says he started to feel better.

“It’s been nothing short of miraculous,” he says. “I cannot begin to explain the difference it has made.”

He hasn’t touched his cane in months, he says, and his breathing has improved.

“I was afraid I would wake up and the improvements would be gone,” Harada said.

Dr. Jonathan Glass, who is overseeing the clinical trial at Emory, and Dr. Nicholas Boulis, who invented the surgical procedure used to inject the stem cells, explained to patients that participation in the trial would not cure or even benefit them personally, but it would help doctors learn more about how to treat ALS in the future.

The first phase of any clinical trial is to prove that a treatment won’t injure patients, not that the treatment works, said Dr. Eva Feldman, who designed the clinical trial at Emory.

The first part of the ALS study, sponsored by the Maryland-based biotech company Neuralstem, is designed to show that the surgical procedure to inject the stem cells into the spine is safe, and that the patients’ bodies won’t reject them. According to researchers, the cells did not harm any of the 12 patients in the Emory study, nor did they accelerate the progression of their ALS.

“I need to temper my excitement because it’s a very small patient population,” said Feldman, president of the American Neurological Association. But the facts are not discouraging. She presented early data from the study Monday at the neurological group’s annual meeting in San Diego.

“We have cautious optimism that a few of the patients may have slowed in their progression of lower extremity weakness, and one patient may have improved,” her report said.

Of the 12 patients in the trial, two have died.

John Cornick’s disease had progressed further than Harada’s by the time he received the stem cell injections in 2010. He was already in a wheelchair, and he knew participating in the clinical trial wouldn’t cure him. But he told CNN in April 2010 that the only way doctors were going to figure out how to cure ALS was to have people willing to participate in clinical trials.

“For me it just seemed like the right thing to do,” he said.

Cornick died of ALS in May. Another patient in the study, a 39-year old man, died of a heart attack.

Feldman said the conditions of eight of the remaining 10 patients have not changed. Based on these results, she and her team in Georgia are asking the Food and Drug Administration to allow them to move to the next part of the trial: Injecting stem cells higher on the spine – into the cervical spinal cord, which is in the neck.

Harada is optimistic that research like this will give other patients hope and lead to treatments in the future. He realizes he hasn’t been cured, but it’s like his clock has been set back, he says. He feels like he did when symptoms first started to appear in 2009.

“I know I still have ALS. I am so grateful for this gift regardless of how long or short it lasts,” he said.

“I can go through most days without thinking I have ALS.”

Posted on

* Turning Point: Cancer diagnosis hasn’t slowed down dedicated marathoner from Lake Elmo

St. Paul Pioneer Press

9/16/2011

Turning Point: Cancer diagnosis hasn’t slowed down dedicated marathoner from Lake Elmo

http://www.twincities.com/ci_18903940?IADID=Search-www.twincities.com-www.twincities.com

By Rhoda Fukushima

Don Wright (Debra Gendel)

Don Wright of Lake Elmo ran his first marathon, Grandma’s Marathon, in June 2003. That month, he also was diagnosed with multiple myeloma, cancer of the plasma cells in bone marrow. Since then, Wright, now 70, has run 54 marathons in 36 states. He wants to do a marathon in every state. Today, Wright plans to run the Erie Marathon in Pennsylvania.

“I wasn’t expecting cancer at all. My family doesn’t have much cancer. When I got the diagnosis, I was scared. But I felt good. It was easy to be in denial, and I was, at first.

“After the initial shock, my reaction was to see if I could qualify for and run the Boston Marathon in 2004. I ran eight 20-mile runs between Grandma’s Marathon (in June) and Twin Cities Marathon (in October). I had qualifying times for Boston twice – at the Twin Cities Marathon and at the Tucson Marathon in December 2003.

“The doctor was totally supportive of my running. He believed it would strengthen my bones. I believe that, too.

“At that point and even yet, the myeloma hasn’t caused any symptoms. It was caught at an early stage. It was two more years before we started treatment.

“I started taking Thalomid. It didn’t do anything but give me a rash. I tried the supplement curcumin, but it didn’t do any good.

“In March 2008, my doctor put me on an experimental drug called pomalidomide. I have been stable ever since. I take that pill every night before I go to bed.
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“When I ran my first marathon, I was thinking, ‘Why on earth would anyone do this?’ It’s a lot of hard work and pain. When I got across the finish line, I knew I would be doing another one.

“Running is emotional, spiritual. Something just draws me to that long run. When I’m running, my mind is free to roam. I can just sort of float across the ground. I love that feeling.

“A friend of my dad’s once told me, ‘I was always ready for a marathon.’ I liked that sentiment. Now, I am always in marathon-ready shape.

“We do this as a family. My wife and daughter run either the marathon or half-marathon. That’s part of the joy.

“I train on the Gateway Trail, and we recently discovered the Lake Elmo Park Reserve. We enjoy running on the trails. This is the time of year to run in the park.

“I like to run when it’s cool. In summer, that means morning runs. In winter, we often go to the Stillwater Dome and run on the indoor soccer track. I’ve run a 20-miler in there. It’s not the most enjoyable thing, but it gets the job done.

“We are very careful about what we eat. We avoid gluten because there is some indication gluten can affect some myeloma patients in a negative way. We also buy organic food.

“I deal with injuries all the time. Name a runner’s injury, and I’ve had it. Sometimes, we have to take time off. Right now, I’m fighting a little injury, a pulled muscle in my abdomen. I’ve been going to the health club to run on the elliptical machines.

“We get to races at least one day early. We try to drive the race course and get a feel for the community. We’ve learned a lot of geography.

“My myeloma is stable. When I was diagnosed, the median survival time was eight years. Now, the median survival time has increased greatly because of new drugs.

“I feel great. Life is good.”

Posted on

GT answers FDA questions for LuViva PMA application

GT answers FDA questions for LuViva PMA application

http://www.medicaldevicedaily.com/servlet/com.accumedia.web.Dispatcher?next=bioWorldHeadlines_article&forceid=76690

By AMANDA PEDERSEN

September 6, 2011

Medical Device Daily Senior Staff Writer

Guided Therapeutics (Norcross, Georgia), a developer of a rapid and painless testing platform that uses biophotonics for the early detection of disease, says it has answered all of FDA’s key questions regarding the company’s premarket approval (PMA) application for the LuViva Advanced Cervical Scan.

“We are pleased to provide the FDA with the additional information the agency requested and within the time period required to maintain the PMA application under active review,” said Mark Faupel, PhD, president/CEO of Guided Therapeutics. “The FDA will review our submission, we hope move forward with the PMA process and schedule a panel meeting date, although the agency has the option to ask for additional information.”

LuViva scans the cervix with light to identify cancer and pre-cancer painlessly and non-invasively, the company noted. Guided Therapeutics’ biophotonic technology is designed to distinguish between normal and diseased tissue by detecting biochemical and morphological changes at the cellular level. Unlike Pap or HPV tests, LuViva does not require laboratory analysis or a tissue sample, is designed to provide results immediately and eliminate costly and painful unnecessary testing, the company said.

Faupel told Medical Device Daily that the sequence of events with FDA so far has followed a “normal” track. “There are a number of people at FDA involved in formulating questions both with regard to the clinical side of the clinical trial and technical side of the instrumentation,” he said. There were several questions the company had previously dealt with by submitting draft responses and the majority of those were accepted on what Faupel referred to as a “first round.” There was one question, however, that the agency asked for additional information on which Guided Therapeutics says has now been dealt with. He declined to say what that issue was for competitive reasons. Now the company just has to wait and see if and when a panel meeting is scheduled.

“It was a necessary and major step in getting us closer to that panel meeting,” Faupel said.

The company submitted its PMA application about a year ago (Medical Device Daily, Sept. 28, 2010). In its pivotal trial, more than 1,600 women at risk for cervical disease were tested with the device. According to the company, the device detected cervical disease up to two years sooner than a Pap test, HPV test, colposcopy or biopsy and it detected 86.3% of cervical disease cases that had been missed by these other methods. Also, the device would have reduced the number of unnecessary biopsies by about 40%.
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The fact that the questioning phase of the process was so involved simply reflects that the company has a “fairly high visibility product with a lot of reviewers” involved, Faupel said. “They are more involved in the questions . . . leadership at FDA is very conscious now of the issues that have occurred in the past.”

While it waits for a panel meeting to be scheduled, Guided Therapeutics continues to make progress with its planned international launch and have orders in place with distributors for demonstration and clinical units for Europe and Asia, Faupel said.

“This is a product that we feel strongly will have a home not just in the U.S.,” Faupel told MDD. “It was designed to be low cost, easy to use, easy to train the user, [and] easy to interpret the results.”

Such features are what sets the technology apart from existing testing methods, he said.

“The current standard of care involves a lot of human interaction and data,” he said. He added that an initial PAP test, which requires a highly trained technician to interpret and that another test involving a magnified view of the cervix requires a well-trained physician to interpret and is subjective. “They all involve a lab delay to get a final answer, where as with our product you get a final answer at the point of care.”

The company was recently awarded $517,000 to fund the third year of a $2.5 million three-year grant from the National Cancer Institute (NCI). The grant provides additional resources to help commercialize and bring the LuViva to market. The company has been awarded more than $6 million in six consecutive grants from the NCI to develop the new test for detecting cervical disease since 2001 (MDD, Aug. 26, 2011).

In a multi-center clinical trial, with women at risk for cervical disease, the technology was able to detect cervical cancer up to two years earlier than conventional modalities, according to published reports.

The company has also entered into a partnership with Konica Minolta Opto (Tokyo) to develop a non-invasive test for Barrett’s esophagus using the technology platform.

“This is a platform technology and we believe it can be utilized to detect nearly 90% of all cancers in the body,” Faupel said.

In fact, the company has already begun human testing of its light-based technology for Barrett’s Esophagus, a precursor for esophageal cancer. The feasibility study is designed to test the concept of using the platform for the detection of changes in esophageal tissue. The study also tests various hardware and procedural configurations and is designed to determine a way forward for product development and further clinical trials. The feasibility study is expected to enroll about 40 subjects and be completed before the end of the year. It is being conducted at two Atlanta-area clinics (MDD, Aug. 11, 2011).

Posted on

U.S. Stem Cell Companies Find Partners and Revenues Beyond the Water’s Edge

http://www.genengnews.com/analysis-and-insight/us-stem-cell-companies-find-partners-and-revenues-beyond-the-water-b-b/77899444/

Analysis & Insight : Aug 16, 2011

U.S. Stem Cell Companies Find Partners and Revenues Beyond the Water’s Edge

Firms find it easier to navigate regulatory requirements in Asia as well as Europe.

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American companies focused on stem cell treatments and technology platforms have met with success in finding partnerships and revenues overseas in the past decade. And it’s not for the reason many people might think, namely the controversy over U.S. federal funding of human embryonic stem cell (hESC) research.

Two other factors better explain why U.S. stem cell companies have been looking beyond their borders to Asia, according to Bernard Siegel, founder and full-time executive director of the nonprofit Genetics Policy Institute (GPI).

One is the attractiveness of Asian countries as markets for stem cell treatments. That reflects both high population concentrations as well as willingness by national governments to invest in stem cell research as well as companies commercializing such treatments and encourage additional research by outside parties. The other is Asia’s lower regulatory hurdles when compared to the U.S.

“It’s easier to move toward the translational process and get clinical trials cranked up in Asia than the United States,” Siegel pointed out. “I think that’s one aspect of it.”

U.S. companies can do that and more in Europe as well, if one company’s experience is any indication. Cytori Therapeutics has won both initial and expanded indication approval in Europe for its Celution® System family of medical devices and instruments, which is not yet available in the U.S. Celution extracts and separates stem and regenerative cells from a patient’s own adipose tissue.

“What we found as we moved through the European market is that that head-start was really important relative to the U.S. or other places,” Cytori president Marc H. Hedrick, M.D., told GEN.

Japan’s Position

The initial European approval allowed Cytori to expand into Japan where, Dr. Hedrick noted, the company obtained its first clinical experience. The company capitalized on the fact that doctors in Japan can, with a prescription, import technologies approved elsewhere.

“And it just so happened we had a relationship with one of the preeminent surgeons in Japan. In fact, our first 20 patients had breast cancer reconstructions performed in Japan at his university hospital,” Dr. Hedrick recalled.

“At the same time, we identified someone to lead the charge in Japan, that we were very fortunate to get, who was a business leader at Baxter in Japan. One thing led to another, and we now have the majority of our revenues from Japan. And it was all tied back to that original regulatory approval in Europe that allowed us to get into that market very quickly,” Dr. Hedrick added.

Japan’s share of Cytori’s sales tumbled during the first quarter to 30% from 72% a year earlier due to the March 11 Tohoku earthquake and resulting tsunami. Japan is where Cytori, which maintains a Tokyo office, found two investors among some of the country’s corporate giants. Last year Astellas agreed to buy $10 million of Cytori stock. And in 2008, Olympus, a medical device company, led a $17 million private placement financing. Two years prior Olympus made an $11 million milestone payment to Cytori for obtaining CE Mark approval for the original Celution system.

“They provided a significant amount of capital to Cytori, and that was another reason why it made sense to focus on the Japanese market,” Dr. Hedrick said.

Other Countries in Asia

Neuralstem is also involved in partnerships with Asian companies, with deals initially focused on research. While Neuralstem last year established a wholly owned subsidiary in China, it has yet to come to terms with commercial or regulatory collaborators.

By year-end the firm plans to start a clinical trial in China focused on transplantation of cells into the brain to treat stroke. The trial would take place at Beijing’s BaYi Brain Hospital, which has been working with Neuralstem to prepare a clinical protocol for treatment of motor deficits due to ischemic stroke.

In Japan the company came to terms with the wholly owned subsidiary of Sumitomo, Summit Pharmaceuticals, to market development and licensing rights for NSI-189, Neuralstem’s lead small molecule neurogenic compound. It is currently in an FDA-approved Phase I trial for major depression. The company has said it intends to take NSI-189 through Phase II trials before seeking a partner for worldwide rights.

Neuralstem has also entered into collaborations in Taiwan, including one with China Medical University & Hospital, to advance development of its human spinal cord neural stem cell therapies for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. It is also working with the hospital to commence a clinical trial focused on treating stroke.

Additionally, in India, the company is planning a clinical trial for later this year to assess the ability of its cell therapy to treat spinal cord injury. The Indian market is so large that companies like Neuralstem need to find a technological partner first to ensure access to the best neurosurgeons it can find, according to Richard Garr, CEO. “We’re happy to do the proof of principle human studies ourselves before we look for a commercial and regulatory partner.”

Neuralstem notes that it has done most of its proof of principle collaborations with American universities such as the University of California, San Diego and the University of Michigan. “We haven’t gone overseas because we can’t do it here in the U.S.,” Garr remarked. “We went overseas because we believe those are their own independent markets.” Garr points out that commercialization efforts for each country are independent of each other.

“The other reason” to move into Asian countries, he added, “is because if you don’t, someone else will. And then you end up in a fight trying to protect it.”

Neuralstem broke into Asia in 2008, when Korean conglomerate CJ CheilJedang (CJ) bought $2.5 million worth of Neuralstem stock. CJ has an exclusive option to Neuralstem’s spinal cord cell products for five Asian nations: South Korea, Vietnam, Indonesia, Malaysia, and Singapore.

CJ would have the responsibility to take the products through regulatory approvals and commercialization in their markets. Garr expects CJ to decide what its first clinical trial will be and where later this year.

Another U.S. stem cell company that has teamed up with a Korean company is Advanced Cell Technology (ACT). In 2008, ACT joined with CHA Biotech to form a joint venture aimed at developing ACT’s hESC-based hemangioblast (HG) platform for the treatment of blood and cardiovascular diseases.

On July 21, the companies announced that their venture, Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine International (SCRMI), exclusively licensed the rights to the HG program to ACT for the U.S. and Canada and to CHA Biotech for Korea and Japan.

“The partnership itself had research scientists working on trying to get things ready for starting human trials. And the way the deal works, ACT has hired substantially all the scientists that were working in the joint venture”—10 SCRMI employees in all, Gary Rabin, ACT’s interim chairman and CEO, told GEN.

Rabin said the first IND will be filed for using the HG platform to generate renewable sources of transfusable blood platelets. The platelets could unlock a significant opportunity for ACT, namely in the military wound-care market.

Last year, Robert Lanza, M.D., ACT’s CSO, and Kwang-Soo Kim, Ph.D., of Harvard University’s McLean Hospital and the CHA Stem Cell Institute, won a $1.9 million NIH director’s opportunity award to explore the potential of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) as a source of universal red blood cells and platelets for transfusion.

Another Asian market ACT is keeping an eye on is China. In March the company reported that China’s State Intellectual Property Office allowed its patent application to provide broad intellectual property protection for the manufacturing and pharmaceutical preparations of retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells from hESCs for degenerative retinal disease.

ACT has initiated a Phase I study with the RPE therapy in the U.S. Additionally, ACT has launched human trials for Stargardt macular dystrophy and advanced dry age-related macular degeneration. Data from those trials is expected to be published this fall, after the first three patients are tested in both trials.

Working in Europe

In Europe, Cytori won expanded approval for Celution last year. The sanction included new indications such as breast reconstruction, repair of soft tissue defects, as well as the facilitation of healing certain types of wounds such as those resulting from Crohn disease.

“We’re relatively close, we think, to getting approval for cardiac disease,” Dr. Hedrick added. “And we’re actually beginning to get reimbursement and working toward our own diagnosis-related group payments for the technology in Europe. So that series of decisions, predicated all on the early regulatory approval of the device, has really pushed us down the road of being very active in Europe.”

Cytori sees more potential partnerships among global medical device companies across Europe, particularly in Switzerland, where the company has an office in Zug. Neuralstem is collaborating with Albert-Ludwigs-University in Freiburg, Germany, on a treatment for Huntington disease. It also plans on undertaking a chronic spinal cord injury trial using spinal cord cells being developed at the Czech Institute of Experimental Medicine.

The ability of the European market to grow as a stem cell mecca will hinge, Siegel said, on the outcome of a pending court case that—while different on specifics—parallels the U.S. debate over hESC funding.

Later this year the Court of Justice of the European Union is expected to decide whether to side with its advocate general, who termed stem cell patents “contrary to ethics and public policy,” or with Oliver Brüstle, Ph.D., who since 2004 has fought to maintain a 1997 patent covering methods for deriving neural cells from hESCs despite a challenge from Greenpeace. Dr. Brüstle is director of the Institute of Reconstructive Neurobiology at the University of Bonn.

A decision against Dr. Brüstle would cement Asia’s place on the hESC end of stem cell research and commercialization. The U.S. remains schizophrenic, with President Barack Obama’s administration scrambling to approve new hESC lines, while the Sherley v. Sebelius court case and the nation’s political divide keep federal funding from being a certainty.

Yet all of that doesn’t necessarily hurt U.S. stem cell companies. As the past few years have demonstrated, they are perfectly capable of following the money and partners in pursuit of the science and show no signs of pulling back from their overseas activity.

Alex Philippidis is senior news editor at Genetic Engineering & Biotechnology News.

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Stem cell treatment goes from lab to operating room

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By Miriam Falco, CNN Medical News Managing Editor
May 4, 2010 8:10 a.m. EDT

http://www.cnn.com/2010/HEALTH/05/04/stem.cells.lou.gehrigs/index.html

Atlanta, Georgia — Imagine having your back cut open, part of your spine removed, a stabilizing device that resembles a mini oil rig mounted on your back, the outer membrane of your spinal cord sliced open and experimental stem cells injected into it — all for the advancement of science because it’s not expected to benefit you.

John Cornick, 51, did just that earlier this month as part of a groundbreaking clinical trial.

Almost a year ago, Cornick was told he had ALS — better known as Lou Gehrig’s disease. The diagnosis left him “fairly devastated,” he says.

He knew the prospects were grim because there is no cure.

But John wasn’t giving up so quickly, nor was his wife, Gina.

“I knew he was a fighter from the beginning and he really wanted to do something,” Gina Cornick says. She found information about a clinical trial on online and immediately signed him up, even though she had no idea where it was being held.

ALS destroys the nerve cells in the brain and spine which control muscle movement. When the brain can no longer tell muscles to move, they eventually die, depriving the patient of the ability to move arms and legs and eventually breathe.

The goal of this phase 1 trial is to determine whether fetal stem cells can safely be injected into the spinal cord. Ultimately, researchers hope to show that these cells may slow or halt the progression of the fatal disease.

But for now, the only goal is establishing safety.

Clinical trial

The Cornicks live in North Carolina, just a few hours from Atlanta, Georgia’s Emory University, the site of the trial. It is the first FDA-approved clinical trial to inject fetal stem cells directly into the spinal cord of an adult.

Dr. Jonathan Glass, director of Emory’s ALS center, is overseeing the trial. Cornick and two previous patients in the trial are heroes, says Glass, because at this point, the trial will likely produce only information, not results.

“In reality what do these patients have? Time, families and their life and we’re putting all of these at risk,” says Glass.

Dr. Lucie Bruijn, science director of the ALS Association, says the progress being made in this clinical trial is exciting. “We’ve been able to move it forward … from animal testing now into actual patients.” The treatment had not been tried in humans before.

Glass hopes this trial will lead to a new form of treatment for people with ALS. “We’re testing multiple things: We’re testing the safety of the surgery; we’re testing the cells; we’re testing immunosuppressants[because scientists do not know whether the body will reject the cells].” They are also testing how well Cornick handles this major surgical procedure, says Glass.

“After we’re finished with the first 12 or 18 patients we will know whether this is surgery that patients can tolerate.”

As he was prepped for surgery, Cornick was hopeful but realistic. “Well, of course you’d like to get up and walk … but I know that’s not going to happen.”

Stem cells

The stem cells used in the surgery are shipped overnight from Maryland, where Neuralstem, the company funding the trial, is based. The stem cells’ source is donated tissue from the spinal cord of an 8-week old aborted fetus, which was donated to the company. The company has developed a method that enables growth of millions of stem cells from this single source of human nerve stem cells.

Before the surgery can begin, a technician at Emory has to verify that a majority of stem cells made it to Atlanta alive. At least 70 percent have to be viable. In this case three samples under the microscope showed 85 percent of the cells arrived alive.

Lead researcher Dr. Eva Feldman, a neurologist at the University of Michigan, designed the trial just four years ago. After a lot of animal testing, her team determined that using fetal nerve stems rather than human embryonic or adult stem cells (such as bone marrow stem cells) was most effective, she says.

Stem cells have the ability to turn into different cells in the body. However, human embryonic stem cells, which come from 4- or 5-day-old embryos, also been found to sometimes turn into cancer cells. Fetal stem cells, such as those used in this trial, are a few weeks older and have already taken on a specific identity — in this case nerve cells.

Feldman says the fetal stem cells used in this trial did not become any of the unwanted cell types. “That’s very, very important,” she says.

Surgery

Animal testing also proved very useful when it came to figuring out how to actually inject the stem cells. Emory University’s neurosurgeon Dr. Nicholas Boulis invented the device that holds the needle that injects the stem cells. The goal is to inject the cells without injuring the spine and causing even more paralysis. He practiced on 100 pigs before attempting the procedure on a human.

Boulis says it’s critical that the injection be done in a very slow and controlled way.

“If you inject quickly, you’re going to create pressure at the head of the needle and that can cause damage,” Boulis says. That pressure can also inflate an area in the spinal cord which could cause the stem cells to seep back out of the cord when the needle is pulled out, he says. “So by pumping [cells] in slowly you have more security that you are not going to have reflux and you’re not going to have damage.”

Dr. Jeffrey Rothstein, who heads the ALS research center at Johns Hopkins University and is not connected to this trial, said work on this method is a big achievement. “This is purely about how to surgically deliver cellular therapy to spinal cord,” he says. “It’s never been done before.”

After the spinal cord was exposed, the injections began. Cornick got five — each one contains about 100,000 stem cells.

The four-and-a-half hour surgery went smoothly, Boulis, says. “There were no surprises.”

Post-surgery

A day after surgery, Cornick was lying flat in a hospital bed, chatting and laughing with some friends from North Carolina.

One week after surgery, he says he felt amazingly well and was still hopeful the cells would do some good for him.

Two weeks later Cornick’s stitches were removed and he was able to drive home. But he will be making frequent visits back to Atlanta as Glass and his team continue to monitor him.

Neuralstem’s Chief Scientific Officer Karl Johe says after the trial’s safety board reviews all existing data, including Cornick’s results, a fourth patient can be treated with the stem cells.

“Patients Four, Five and Six will receive twice as many [stem cell] injections,” Johe says. They will get five more injections on the other side of the spinal cord compared with Cornicks’s surgery.

Cornick expects the researchers will follow his progress for a long time. He says he understands the need for people to be willing to participate in experimental research like this.

“For me it just seemed like the right thing to do. I almost felt I had an obligation to do this,” he says. “To help other people and myself.”

Posted on

UM researcher to test stem cell treatment for Alzheimer’s

8:00 pm, May 2, 2010

Results from ALS trials spur optimism
By Ryan Beene And Tom Henderson

http://www.crainsdetroit.com/article/20100502/FREE/305029968/1069

Buoyed by early results of stem cell-based trials on patients with Lou Gehrig’s disease, Eva Feldman, M.D., co-director of the A. Alfred Taubman Medical Research Institute at the University of Michigan Medical School, is now taking aim at a far bigger target: Alzheimer’s disease.

In late April, Feldman began raising $1.5 million from private donors to fund animal trials for a stem cell-based treatment of Alzheimer’s, a progressive degenerative disease that severely impacts brain function and afflicts more than 5.3 million people in the U.S. It is the seventh-leading cause of death in the nation.

Animal trials are required before Feldman can begin Phase I U.S. Food and Drug Administration trials for Alzheimer’s on humans. Tests on both safety and efficacy are done first on small rodents and then, if successful, on larger mammals.

Feldman said she hopes to apply for approval in 2013 for human Alzheimer’s trials and begin them in 2014.

The investigation into an Alzheimer’s treatment piggybacks on current Phase I human trials for patients with Lou Gehrig’s disease led by Feldman that are under way at Emory University Hospital in Atlanta.

The trials test the safety of injecting neural progenitor cells, essentially stem cells that have developed beyond the embryonic phase and are predisposed to becoming nerve cells, into the spinal cords of patients with Lou Gehrig’s disease.

Feldman will continue to serve as principal investigator on that trial — the first FDA-approved trial using stem cells on Lou Gehrig’s patients in the U.S. — as she and her team begin work on Alzheimer’s trials.

Eighteen Lou Gehrig’s patients will be tested in all. The disease, known formally as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, or ALS, afflicts as many as 30,000 patients in the U.S.

Feldman sped up her timetable for taking on Alzheimer’s after seeing promising early results with three Lou Gehrig’s patients. The first patient was injected on Jan. 19. The third operation, on April 14, was filmed by CNN.

Feldman said she is prohibited from discussing whether patients report such results as increases in strength or sensation. But there have been no ill effects from the three surgeries.

Each patient is injected at five spots on the spinal cord, with about 100,000 cells per injection.

Feldman said she is excited about expanding stem cell trials to Alzheimer’s because of the far larger pool of would-be patients.

The nerves and tissues also are narrowed due to fast delivery cialis http://foea.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/12/FEA-2012-ANNUAL-REPORT-PDF.pdf growing age. It is a serious health concern, which can ruin your generic cialis Visit Website sexual life. 2. However, almost viagra free pill all of them have some limitation of recurrence and certain side effects to affect the female fertility to some degree. By reducing acid production in stomach this not only helps cialis generika 20mg in enlargement of the penis but also treats for lesser ejections and other related erectile issues. “Alzheimer’s is going to be easier to do than ALS,” said Feldman.

She said that the brain can be injected with far more stem cells than the spinal cord, promising greater and faster benefits, and she said the surgery is far less invasive. Instead of needing to remove bone from the back, a tiny hole is cut into the skull in a relatively safe, easy procedure.

The transition from Lou Gehrig’s to Alzheimer’s disease is a natural one because the treatment potentially addresses the same problem. The neural progenitor stem cells work by surrounding specific large nerve cells that are sick and halting further degeneration caused by the disease, Feldman said.

“In the spinal cord, these nerve cells produce the nerve tissue fibers that extend through the muscles of our body, and in the brain, the same type of nerve cell facilitates thinking processes,” Feldman said.

“The kind of stem cells we’re using have a particular proclivity to rescue cholinergic neurons, and it’s cholinergic neurons that degenerate and become diseased in Lou Gehrig’s disease and Alzheimer’s disease.”

The surgeon in the current trials is Dr. Nicholas Boulis, an associate professor at Emory University who was formerly a fellow in Feldman’s research lab at UM.

Boulis specializes in movement disorders, such as Parkinson’s and Huntington’s diseases, and performs about 300 operations a year. He also heads a gene-therapy research lab and is involved in a project that aims to use gene therapy to treat Alzheimer’s.

Boulis said he hopes, if the FDA approves human tests, to do Feldman’s Phase I Alzheimer’s operations, too.

“If Eva thinks we can make progress, I’m her man,” he said.

The Phase I Lou Gehrig’s disease trials are scheduled to finish by the end of June 2011. If they go as hoped, Phase II trials, which assess efficacy, can begin as early as January 2012. Feldman said Phase II trials could add the UM hospital as a test site in addition to Emory.

Investigating a treatment for Alzheimer’s using stem cells is an “interesting approach” and a logical next step to investigate, said Dr. Ken Maiese, professor in the departments of neurology and anatomy and cell biology at Wayne State University Medical School.

“There’s really no good treatment for Alzheimer’s, although there are many trials going on” for drugs that deal with chemicals in the brain related to Alzheimer’s, Maiese said.

But those treat the symptoms, not the underlying issue of rapid brain cell degeneration that is a hallmark of Alzheimer’s.

Maiese cautioned that the science behind a stem cell treatment still has a long way to go, as in any treatment. Going from animal to human trials involves many unknowns.

Feldman said she recently took on a new, young ALS patient, to whom she could, for the first time in her 20 years of treating patients at UM, offer some encouraging words about future treatments.

“For 20 years, there has been little hope I could offer patients. Now there is truly tangible hope. We are truly beginning to try a therapy that can allow us to help halt the progress of this dangerous disease,” she said.

“Patients ask me “what will the future hold?’ I told my new patient, things are extremely hopeful now. The future is very bright. And not just with ALS or Alzheimer’s, but with Parkinson’s and Huntington’s, too.”